That still leaves a healthy 85 - 90% of your theoretically attainable line speed. The last two add up to usually take up about 10% of your line speed, excepting very fast lines. What you're talking about with "you won't get your max speed most of the time" refers to transport overhead, which is a negligibly small amount for the TCP/IP protocol (error correction bits) + in the case of DSL, due to how frames are built up (when dealing with PPPoA, which most providers use), you always have some extra transport overhead that is somewhat significant (slightly less so on DOCSIS 2 lines) along with DSL having its' own error correction, as well. Or the fire departments' national grid that had a max allowed downtime of 15 minutes, regardless of the cause of downtime, due to their SLA. Lines like Schiphol airports' dual 20 GB/s lines. I've worked on all manner of Cisco hardware, including 2000 port Juniper routers (with about 10 virtual ports per port), part of which was managing the top 2000 business customers of KPN, the main Dutch ISP. Oh btw, I have worked on backbone routers on fiber lines, as well as ADSL2+, and have given support on both DOCSIS 1 and 2 lines.
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